Alcohol and Drinking - Treatments for Alcoholism Essay...

Treatments for Alcoholism Where can alcoholics receive help? â€Å"Hospitals, psychiatric agencies, public-welfare departments, and social agencies, among others are often reluctant to provide care and treatment for problem drinkers† (Plaut, 53). Although it is difficult to help these problems drinkers, many people will give all they can to help these problem drinkers. â€Å"The provision of treatment to problem drinkers is complicated because they differ from one to another in so many ways† (Plaut, 33). Many different factors vary within problem drinkers. â€Å"Not only do their drinking patterns vary greatly, but also their physical health, psychological condition, and economic circumstances† (Plaut, 34). Problem drinkers have problems†¦show more content†¦However, â€Å"long-term control over drinking frequently cannot be achieved without other significant changes in the patient and his situation, including a reduction of tensions and distress† (Plaut, 35). In addition, â€Å"the quality of the patient†s life, his interpersonal relations and his social and psychological functioning, must all come within the focus of treatment† (Plaut, 35). The most popular and widely advocated treatment for alcoholism is Alcoholics Anonymous. â€Å"In 1938 it was estimated that over one million people belong to A.A. There are about forty-eight thousand chapters of the organization in one hundred and ten countries† (Mendelson and Mellow, 337). These chapters range in size from â€Å"six to four hundred persons† (Mendelson and Mellow, 337). Many people all around the USA receive help from Alcoholics Anonymous. â€Å"A.A. stresses that alcoholism is a disease and the persons suffering from it have lost their ability to control their drinking† (Plaut, 62). The frequent meetings â€Å"consist principally of the study of A.A. principles, and of members giving personal reports on their own successful struggles in dealing with alcoholism † (Plaut, 63). In addition, â€Å"the clearly stated principles of A.A. have been a help to many problem drinkers, although serving as a barrier for some others† (Plaut, 63). Alcoholics Anonymous is a wonderful sel-help group but it is not the cure for all problem drinking. What are some other helpingShow MoreRelatedAlcoholism : A Complex Disorder961 Words   |  4 PagesAlcoholism is a very complex disorder. It is believed that genetics and several other biological factors are likely involved in the materialization of alcohol dependence, along with cognitive behavior, temperament, psychological and sociocultural factors. Alcohol use patterns including alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence are â€Å"familial† in nature (cf. Heath et al., Kendlerm Heath, heath Neale, Kessler Eaves, 1992; Hesselbrock, 1995) Alcohol abuse is a drinking pattern that results In significantRead MoreThe Problem Of Alcoholism And Alcoholism1539 Words   |  7 PagesAlcoholism proves to be a leading cause of brain damage and body malfunction all across America, ultimately endangering your life and the ones around you, but overcoming alcoholism seems to be a harder obstacle to overcome because this addictive drug imprints denial on your brain and makes you think you can stop drinking whenever you want. Denial is one of the hardest hurdles to jump over to getting help for alcoholism and abuse. The desire to drink is so strong that the mind finds ways to rationalizeRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcoholism On The United States1383 Words   |  6 PagesAriel Herrera Alcoholism in the United States Alcoholism has been a societal issue that does not discriminate in terms of boarders. Although it is an international problem, this paper will focus on its implications in the United States of America. Alcoholism is defined as an obsession or addiction to the intake of alcoholic liquor or the mental illness and behavior resulting from alcohol reliance (Adewale and Ifudu 2014). This paper analysis the demographic differences in alcohol engagementRead MoreThe Disease of Alcoholism Essay1084 Words   |  5 PagesThe Disease of Alcoholism Alcoholism is a primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. Alcoholism is a complex disease with physical, social and psychological consequences, but it can be treated through detoxification and anti-anxiety drugs. What will be explained in this essay is basically the history of alcohol, signs of one possibly being an alcoholic, possibilitiesRead MoreAlcoholism : A Growing Problem1468 Words   |  6 PagesAlcoholism Alcoholism is a growing problem in today s society. What is alcoholism? Is it a disease? What are the causes of it? What toll does alcohol abuse have on individuals? American society? American economy? What kind of treatments are available to reduce/cure alcoholism? What is alcoholism? Alcoholism is a physical or psychological need for an alcoholic beverage, which is taken for non-medical reasons and produces a noticeable effect on the body (Sheen 93). People develop the need for alcoholRead MoreFactors, Symptoms and Treatment of Alcoholism Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesAlcoholism is a chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors. The disease is often progressive and fatal if left untreated. It is characterized by impaired control over alcohol use despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking. There are critics who disagree with calling Alcoholism a disease despite the definition on the word disease which means an involuntary disability but the fact that alcoholism is a disease is widely accepted within the medical and scientificRead MoreAlcoholism Is The Addiction Of Alcoholic Liquor Or The Mental Illness1012 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is alcoholism? It is the addiction of the consumption of alcoholic liquor or the mental illness, as well as mental behavior, resulting from alcohol dependency. As you take your first sip, alcohol enters your bloodstream. According to the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 15.1 million adults ages eighteen and older had alcohol use disorder. Also according to the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, an estimated 623,000 adolescents ages between twelve and seventeen had alcoholRead MoreAlcoholism : The Misuse And Addiction1361 Words   |  6 PagesAlcoholism: The Misuse and Addiction â€Å"I know my limit†, â€Å"Just one more drink†, and â€Å"I’m not drunk† are common phrases people often associate with being an alcoholic. While is true that some alcoholics can use such phrases, that is not what makes them an alcoholic. Alcoholics or rather anyone who happens to drink a little too much, are marked as being alcoholics. But what does it really mean to be an alcoholic? Or better yet, what does it mean to suffer from Alcoholism? Over the years, a controversialRead MoreCauses and Effects of Alcohol Abuse955 Words   |  4 Pages Alcoholism is the excessive and usually uncontrollable use of alcoholic drinks. There are many symptoms, complications, treatments and ways of prevention for alcoholism. Certain groups of people may be at a greater risk than others for several different reasons. There are numerous factors in why people may become addicted. Usually, a variety of factors contribute to the development of alcoholism. Social factors such as the influence of peers, family, society, the availability of alcohol, mentalRead MoreEssay on Alcoholism1274 Words   |  6 Pages What is Alcoholism? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The definition of alcoholism can be described as a chronic illness, which is marked by uncontrolled consumption of alcoholic beverages that interferes with physical or mental health, and social, family or occupational responsibilities. This dependence on alcohol has only been diagnosed as a medical disorder recently in the medical field. Like many other diseases, it has a predictable course and is influenced environmentally and sometimes genetically

Should Abortion Be Legal - 1076 Words

Introduction It is known that one out of every three teen girls get pregnant at least once before the age of 20 (Family Planning Plus). Believe it or not the United States has one of the highest birthrates. As of 2011 people predicted the birth rate was 131.4 million births per year. It was also estimated in 2011 that four births happened each second of every day (Ecology). In 1973 the topic of abortion went before the Supreme Court of the United States. The supreme court decided that abortion would be legal but may be restricted by the states to varying degrees. Abortions have been going on since the beginning of time. Getting an abortion is not something one can decide on overnight. It is a personal and life affecting decision that will†¦show more content†¦I am for the exceptions. You have the three exceptions. I’m for the exceptions. The health of the mother and life of the mother.† The Democratic Party strongly supports Roe. v. Wade’s opinion of a woman’s right to make a decision regarding her pregnancy. Abortion is a woman’s personal decision along with her family, her doctor, and her clergy. There is no reason for the government to get involved when the decision does not concern them. The Democratic Party stands strongly for a woman’s right to choose, regardless of her ability to pay. Rape victims 3 While walking into work one morning a doctor gets stopped by a woman in a black beret. She stopped her to say, â€Å"This is a clinic where they kill babies!† then also proceeded to say, â€Å"Are you pregnant? Do you need help?† The doctor laughed as she was just simply going into work. As a doctor you have to think about the patients and what they are going through. It’s hard sometimes but if it’s better for them in the long run it’s just something you have to do. A study of 44 cases of rape-related pregnancy estimated that in the United States, the pregnancy rate is 5.0% per rape among victims of reproductive age (12 to 45). Women want the choice According to the 2013-14 annual report, Planned Parenthood’s affiliated clinics provided 10.6 million services for 2.7 million clients in 2013. Those numbers are crazy! Out of 10.6 million services, 327,653 of them were abortion procedures. Supposably three percent of allShow MoreRelatedAbortion Should Not Be Legal1647 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most highly debated topics is abortion and whether or not it should be legal. People who oppose abortion, meaning they are pro-life claim that abortion should be completely illegal with no aspects of it whatsoever; it can be a murder for the people standing against it. The other side of the argument, meaning people who are pro-choice, defend it by believing it to be a right been given to the women. They also claim even if abortion was to be illegal, it would still be practiced. EveryRead MoreAbortion Should Not Be Legal920 Words   |  4 Pagesworld has struggled with for ages and one thing that people are advocating around the world for is abortion. Abortion is either a procedure or pill that stops a fetus s heart. Abortion should not be legal because life beings at creation, abortions are a direct violation of the 14th amendment, and thousands of people would love to adopt a child: handicapped or otherwise. Abortion should not be legal because life begins at creation. What is creation? Some people say conception, but it actually isRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?1320 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion, as you all may know, is a really popular topic. There have long been many debates between the two groups, pro-life and pro-choice. People who are pro-life believe that part of the government’s job is to protect all forms of human life. Those who are pro-choice believe that every individual should have control over their own reproductive systems. Pro-life supporters strongly believe that even an undeveloped fetus has life; it is still growing and it needs to be protected. And this soundsRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?1217 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2015 Should Abortion be Legal Among all the issues that have been fought for or against in the United States, abortion may be one of the most popular issues that Americans are passionate about. Abortion is defined as the removal of the embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy. Thousands of abortions take place every single day, and yet public opinion remains at a standstill as to whether or not abortion is ethical. Everyone holds different opinions on abortion. The proponentsRead MoreAbortion Should Not Be Legal Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pages Abortions have been performed on women for thousands of years. Abortion is the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy. Most often it is performed during the first 20 weeks of being pregnant. The controversy over whether or not abortion should be legal continues to divide Americans till this day. An important landmark case was the Roe v. Wade case, where the Court argued that the zone of privacy was broad enough to encompass a woman s decision whether or not to terminateRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal? Essay1089 Words   |  5 PagesWhen the word abortion is heard, it is always associated with many negative things such as murder and inhumanity. However not legalizing abortion creates a huge problem for women around the world. Having a child takes consideration, planning and preparation and if pregnancy happens without any of this, why bother to have it at all? The reasons why abortion should be legal is that it supports the fundamental human rights for women by giving them a choice, it reduces crime by reducing the number ofRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?1135 Words   |  5 PagesKelsi Hodgkin Composition 1 Professor Chipps 19 October 2015 Should Abortion Be Legal A common debate in the world today involves abortion, the deliberate end of human pregnancy, and whether or not it should be legalized. â€Å"Every year in the world there are an estimated 40-50 million abortions. This corresponds to approximately 125,000 abortions per day† (â€Å"Abortions Worldwide this Year†). On one side of the argument, people are not disturbed by this grotesque number, and on theRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?963 Words   |  4 PagesLegal or Illegal? Which would you prefer? Not many are willing to discuss such a gut wrenching topic, but this needs to be addressed. It is a very controversial topic with having to do with women rights and activists. Since there are two sides to every argument, there is one side such as to make abortion legal and the opposing side to keep abortions illegal. In my opinion making abortion illegal can regulate the amount of women who do get pregnant. I believe that making abortions legal will let womenRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?867 Words   |  4 PagesABORTION Abortion is a deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. There are series of legal, moral and ethical issues which may arise about abortion. Most arguments about abortion are often focused on political insinuations and the legal aspect of such actions. Some frequently asked questions’ regarding the issue is if the practice should be outlawed and regarded as murder or should women have the right to practice it. For example, prior toRead MoreShould Abortions Be Legal?939 Words   |  4 PagesShould abortions be legal? Abortions have been a big issue since the Roe v Wade case. There have been a lot of disagreements between the Pro-life supporters and the pro-choice supporters. Pro-life supporters feel like abortions deter murder, while pro-choice supporters believe that the women should be able to make their own decisions. I am a part of the pro-life supporters because I feel like abortions are wrong for several of reasons. Why should women get an abortion if there are other choices for

Workplace Learning and Development

Question: 1.Evaluating team building effort of Seagate. 2.Discussing stratenghts and weaknesses of Seagates approach. 3.Choosing a different team training method for Seagate. Answer: 1. The team building effort of Seagate was implemented in order to enhance team bonding of the workforce. CEP Bill Watkins has developed the team-building plan in order to put the workforce in a different environment, where they need help of each other. The Eco Seagate program was developed with 1200 employees from different cultural background. Moreover, the groups were diverse in terms of regional background, athletically and operationally. It helps the company to improve communication among the culturally diverse people within the organization. When it comes to the costing of this team-building effort, it costs $9000 per person, which is a bit costly for the company (Max 2006). The overall cost of the company was equivalent to lots of hard drive. However, the process was effective to make the team members communicative. The plan was to lead an outdoor workshop in order to improve the team performance and culture of the company. Therefore, it is important to measure the effectivene ss of the campaign in order to evaluate the impact of the activity (Elsey 2007). It was a six days outdoor workshop with different activities, which were not at all relevant with employees job roles. The aim was to put the workforce in an environment, where they need help of each other. The budget of the outdoor workshop was too high. As a result, following is the evaluation of the metrics through which cost of the activity could have been reduced. Sunday was the first day of the outdoor workshop in which employees were asked to imitate sound of different birds. This activity was to check whether the employees are socialized or not. The company would have eliminated this activity in order to reduce cost of the workshop. A team-building program should be cost effective in order to maintain sustainable profitability (Mazany, Francis and Sumich 1997). However, the total cost of the workshop was equivalent to lots of hard drives, which means it was not cost effective at all. After that, employees were asked to be in physical content with the bird, at least one member of the team. Thereafter, the Friday event was for walk and swim in which every team has to perform and need to reach a destination, where they will get fresh cloths and foods. This event was for measuring the team bonding of the employees. Through this event, it was clear that employees have learned about themselves. The activity was the hardest activity of the entire event. Following is the evaluation of the training program using Kirkpatrick Model. Kirkpatrick Model has four different levels through which the effectiveness of the training program can be evaluated. The first level of the model is known as Reaction. It examines whether the team members have found the training engaging, favorable and relevant to their job or not. The training module of Seagate was engaging and employees have found it favorable. However, it has no relevancy with their job role at all. The events were only focused on to the collaborative performance of the employees. The second level of this model is learning, which examines the degree in which team members have learn to improve skills, knowledge and way of improving attitude. In case of the training module of Seagate, the training module as developed to build collaborative work culture within the organization (Eppich et al. 2016). Hence, the training module does not have any kind of technical learning, which is relevant to their job role. However, the training module was efficient to demonstrate th e importance of commitment while performing for an objective. The third level of this model is regarding behavioral change of the employees after attending the event (Agarwal, Pande and Ahuja 2014). Here, the training module of Seagate has successfully changed the behavior of the employees. It has been noted that the employees have learned the importance of collaborative work while performing for broader objective. The forth level of this model is result, which evaluates the outcome of the entire training module. Moreover, it evaluates whether the cost of the training module is feasible or not. In case of Seagate, the employees have understood the way in which they should work. However, the training module was not having any technical content. Therefore, the training budget ($9,000 per person) was not justified for the event. The company would have included a technical training session into the event. After going through the workshop implemented by Seagate, it can be said that the event was not cost effective. There were many activities, which would have been eliminated. The activity was not worth $9000 per person. The company should shorten the event in order to reduce the cost (Pattanayak 2003, p.408). The company would have conducted a treasure hunt at Disney World or museum. The Eco Seagate program was time consuming as well. It was difficult to measure effectiveness of the event. The workshop was aimed to improve team performance within the team. The company has a negative image of firing people. Therefore, the aim of the event was to change organizational culture. In order to improve performance of the workforce, it is important to change the organizational culture (Raelin 2006). However, the program was only developed for improving teamwork. The company should incorporate a process training in order to improve performance of the workforce. In order to improve overall perfor mance, the company should train the employees regarding products and teamwork as well. Therefore, incorporating product training would improve quality of the outdoor workshop in an effective manner (Fidalgo-Blanco et al. 2015). The company would have incorporated a meeting session in order to convey the overall aim of this outdoor workshop. According to the evaluation of Kirkpatrick Model, not incorporating a training session for technical assistance has affected feasibility of the entire event negatively. Communicating with the workforce regarding the importance of teamwork would help the company to get successful outcome from the event. 2. The team-building approach of Seagate was effective in terms of team bonding. The training method used in this event was role-playing, where employees need to act out such issues that could occur in workplace (Noe 2008). However, the cost of the overall program was very high. There are many strengths and weaknesses of the team building effort of Seagate. The aim of the company was to improve trust and bonding of within the employees. Following are the strengths and weaknesses of the team-building program have been discussed. Strengths: The aim of the team-building program was to evaluate employees team performance capacity. The activities of the program were developed to evaluate whether the employees are able to perform as a team or not. In this program, the activities were planned to put the employee in such environment where they need help from each other. The team-building program was a set of activities, which employees need to perform as a team. In order to be successful, employees need to understand their role and perform those accordingly (OLeary et al. 2015). Through this activity, the company was able to change the organizational culture. Previously, there were many story of bad organizational culture, as the company was following hire and fire process. Therefore, the company was planned to change the overall organizational culture, which would be effective to reduce employee turnover in an efficient manner. Apart from that, the focus of the company was to encourage team work in order to achiev e organizational goal. However, this event helps to company to improve performance of the workforce instead firing randomly (Sculli et al. 2015). It helps the company to reduce employee turnover in an efficient manner. Apart from that, Seagate Technology was able to socialize their employees through the Eco Seagate program. The activities were far different from employees regular job roles. Therefore, it can be said that it was not just a training event, but it was also a long vacation for the employees, which works as a motivational tool. The employees were needed to follow a basic guideline in order to get successful outcome (Fernandez and Grand 2015). The company was able to measure the teamwork capacity of the culturally diverse people. Initially, the team bonding was not satisfactory. However, the team-bonding program helps the team to work collaboratively. The final event on Friday was developed for measuring how employees can work as a team in order to achieve something. The training method has been used in this session is known as adventure training (Noe 2008). It helps the company to encourage employees to participate in the event. Apart from that, this method helps to increase engagement of the employees in an efficient manner. Here, employees have shown a collaborative approach in order to achieve the overall goal. The activity was difficult and it was preferred to work as a team in order to gain positive outcome (Mahramus et al. 2016). The team-building program was an investment for the company. It helps the company to improve organizational culture. Apart from that, the event helps Seagate to evaluate whether the employees are familiar with team working culture or not. Moreover, it helps to improve employees ability to work as a team. The event would teach the employees about teamwork, because they need to perform as a team. On the other hand, it would help to build an efficient teamwork environment within the organization (Bozovic and Zivkovic 20 16). The Eco Seagate program was efficient to increase communication within the team members and higher as well. Moreover, implementing such motivational tool would empower performance quality of the employees as well. Therefore, it can be said that the team building method (Adventure training method) used by Seagate was efficient and was successfully led by the company as well. Weaknesses: The budget of this team-building program was very high. It costs $9000 per employees, which was equivalent to the price of lots of hard drives. Investing this much amount for performance improvement is not effective for any organization. The company would have reduced the budget of the program in order to maintain profitability as well. Moreover, the risk factors for the employees were another weakness of this event. The final event was full of physical activities. The company should consider health safety of the employees in order to avoid uncertainty (Marsick and Watkins 2015). One of the employees, Engineer Kebiao Yuan was injured during the final event. It was difficult to provide adequate safety features to the employees. Here, the company might face legal constraints due to inadequate safety measures for the employees. Apart from that, employees may refuse to participate in a particular event, which could harm effectiveness of the event. The chance of conflict withi n the team members could occur during the team-building workshop. It would be difficult to convince employees to take part in every event planned by the organization. The overall aim of the event was to improve team performance of the organization. However, lack of performance measurement activity may reduce the overall performance of the employees (Eppich et al. 2016). Moreover, the workshop was time consuming and costly as well. It affects overall profitability of the organization negatively. 3. The approach of Seagate was efficient to train the workforce about teamwork. However, the process was not cost efficient. Apart from that, the process was time consuming, which indirectly harms productivity of the workforce. Seagate should implement a training method, which will be cost efficient. When it comes to outdoor workshop, the company should plan for a short event. Here, the company could arrange a treasure hunt at Disney World or museum. The aim of the company is to change organizational culture and improving teamwork. Considering a trip to the museum, the company should to separate the employees into different team (each team three person). The teams will be responsible to gather valuable and authentic information and document those using hard copy documents. The company should ask each team to submit one document after a specific time. Thereafter, the company will evaluate and judge the most relevant and informative document among all the documents. In this manner, tea mwork ability and its importance can be emphasized. Moreover, the company should consider another day to conduct a process training session, where employees will be able to relate the importance of team work with the previous outdoor campaign. This process would be less costly and therefore, it would be possible to maintain organizational profitability while motivating the workforce (Loon 2016). Following are the training method that could be implemented by Seagate in order to train the employees about teamwork. Following is the three days team training method that Seagate would implement in order to get positive outcome. Day 1: In first day, the company should conduct a professional meeting with the employees in order to convey the aim of the overall event. Sharing the purpose of the event would help the company to encourage the workforce in an efficient manner. Apart from that, the responsible person should create teams with culturally diversified people. The activities of the teams should be clearly conveyed during the meeting session. The company should provide all the necessary stuffs to the employees at the very beginning of the event. The company should not allocate any responsibility to the employees at first day. After conveying the agenda with the workforce, the company should observed employees activity while working as a team. It would help the company to understand the extent in which employees can work collaboratively (Marsick and Watkins 2015). Therefore, in this meeting session, the company should educate the employees about how teamwork can help to achieve overall objectives. The purp ose would be improving team-working performance through different game events. In this manner, the employees will be able to understand the implementation of teamwork in organizational context. Day 2: After the first day, the company needs to conduct the events in order to improve team working ability of the employees. The activities should be relevant with teamwork. For example, employees need to perform as a team in order to achieve the objective. Here, the company needs to implement effective measurement process. It would help the company to measure whether the employees are performing as a team or not. For example, a trip to the museum would be the most effective event, where employees will be responsible for documenting valuable and authentic information from the museum. The activities should focus on improving workforces understanding about teamwork (Eppich et al. 2016). Therefore, the responsible authority should evaluate the submitted documents and its authenticity in order to provide judgment. The time will be limited and within the given time, the employees need to gather as much as information from the museum. This can be done while sharing result of the event. I n order to reduce budget, the company should conduct this events within one day. Day 3: Day three will mark the completion of all the activities and the employees can relax on this day. The purpose of stretching the event is to motivate the employees. There will be no such activities to perform. Here, the company will provide luxury accommodation to the employees in order to increase motivation towards the work. The previous training method was full of activities and the process was elongated with different tasks. Therefore, it is important to reduce activities and complete the overall program within three days. In this manner, it will be possible to reduce budget for the training program. As the aim of the company was to increase awareness about teamwork, the company should implement efficient motivational tools (Mazany, Francis and Sumich 1997). Therefore, providing an incentive trip would be the most effective motivational tool in this case. In this manner, it would be possible to enhance knowledge of the workforce regarding teamwork in an efficient manner. Th e event will end up with a process training in order to discuss the importance of teamwork while performing for organizational objectives. Reference list Agarwal, N., Pande, N. and Ahuja, V., 2014. Expanding the Kirkpatrick evaluation model-towards more efficient training in the IT sector.International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals (IJHCITP),5(4), pp.19-34. Bozovic, M. and Zivkovic, S., 2016. Teamwork and efficient communication as the elements of the system for emergency management.Facta Universitatis, Series: Working and Living Environmental Protection, pp.381-395 Elsey, B 2007, Changing the behavior of traditional bakers in a Chinese multi-family owned food company through workplace action learning in Hong Kong, Journal of Workplace Learning, vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 511-525. (eReadings next week) Eppich, W., Rethans, J.J., Teunissen, P.W. and Dornan, T., 2016. Learning to work together through talk: Continuing professional development in medicine. InSupporting Learning Across Working Life(pp. 47-73). Springer International Publishing Fernandez, R. and Grand, J.A., 2015. Leveraging social science-healthcare collaborations to improve teamwork and patient safety.Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care,45(12), pp.370-377 Fidalgo-Blanco, ., Sein-Echaluce, M.L., Garca-Pealvo, F.J. and Conde, M.., 2015. Using Learning Analytics to improve teamwork assessment.Computers in Human Behavior,47, pp.149-156 Loon, M., 2016. Professional Practice in Learning and Development: How to Design and Deliver Plans for the Workplace. Mahramus, T.L., Penoyer, D.A., Waterval, E.M., Sole, M.L. and Bowe, E.M., 2016. Two Hours of Teamwork Training Improves Teamwork in Simulated Cardiopulmonary Arrest Events.Clinical Nurse Specialist,30(5), pp.284-291 Marsick, V.J. and Watkins, K., 2015.Informal and Incidental Learning in the Workplace (Routledge Revivals). Routledge Max, S 2006, Seagates Morale-athon, Business Week, vol. 1, no. 3978, (April 3), pp. 110-112 Mazany, P, Francis, S Sumich, P 1997, Evaluating the effectiveness of an outdoor workshop for team building in an MBA programme, Team Performance Management, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 97-115. (pre 2002 but acceptable in this case; will be available in eReadings next week) Noe, R. 2008. Employee training and development. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. OLeary, K.J., Creden, A.J., Slade, M.E., Landler, M.P., Kulkarni, N., Lee, J., Vozenilek, J.A., Pfeifer, P., Eller, S., Wayne, D.B. and Williams, M.V., 2015. Implementation of unit-based interventions to improve teamwork and patient safety on a medical service.American Journal of Medical Quality,30(5), pp.409-416 Pattanayak, B 2003, 'Gaining competitive advantage and business success through strategic HRD: an Indian experience', Human Resource Development International, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 405411 (will be available in eReadings next week) Raelin, J 2006, 'Does action learning promote collaborative leadership?', Academy of Management learning education, vol. 5, no. 2, 152-168 (eReadings current) Sculli, G.L., Fore, A.M., Sine, D.M., Paull, D.E., Tschannen, D., Aebersold, M., Seagull, F.J. and Bagian, J.P., 2015. Effective followership: A standardized algorithm to resolve clinical conflicts and improve teamwork.Journal of Healthcare Risk Management,35(1), pp.21-30